BASIC PHOTOGRAPHY
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Part
I. Technical
Review (40 points)
Suppose your camera has the following settings:
aperture f1.8 f2.8 f4 f5.6 f8 f11 f16 f22
shutter B 1 2 4 8 15
30 60 125 250 500 1000
(It is a manual slr film camera with a 50mm 1:1.8 lens.)
1.
Which f-stop allows the most light
in?
2.
Which allows the least?
3.
Which will give the most depth of field?
4.
What does depth-of-field mean?
5.
Where is the aperture diaphragm located?
6.
How is aperture measured?
7.
Which f-stop allows half the amount
of light as f5.6?
8.
Which allows twice the light as f5.6?
9.
What does focal length refer
to?
10.
Besides aperture, what is another
factor that affects depth of field?
11.
Where is the depth of field scale
located (on a traditional slr)?
12.
What is the shutter and what
does it control?
13.
How is shutter speed measured?
14.
Where is the shutter located?
15.
What kind of shutter speed is needed
in low light conditions?
16.
What does “B” refer to?
17.
What is the safest slow shutter speed
without a tripod?
18.
Which ss allows twice as much light
as “60”(1/60)?
19.
Which allows half as much light as “60”?
20.
(4 points) On a given day, your
camera gives you a correct reading of f4 at 250. What other configurations would give you the same amount of light and a greater depth
of field? (list four ways).
21.
Which would give you the same amount (as
above) of light and allow you to create a blurred picture of a speeding car?
22.
Which shutter speed would give you the same amount of light
(as above, question 20) at f2.8?
23.
On a shadowy area with a bright
sky, how would you insure a
correct exposure of a subject in shadow?
24.
(4 p)Which is a better setting, f4 at
1/60, or f 16 at 1/4 ? Say why.
25.
What does ISO refer to?
26.
What is a fast film and when should
it be used?
27.
What is the major problem with fast
films?
28.
What are the three chemical steps used
in printing a photograph?
29.
List two (2 p) ways exposure is controlled in the darkroom.
30.
How is contrast manipulated in the
darkroom?
1.) f1.8 allows the most light in.
ReplyDelete2.) f22 allows the least.
3.) f1.8 will give the most depth of field.
4.) Depth of field is the distance at which an object appears clear (not blurry) in a photo. Large apertures cause short depths of field, while smaller apertures cause longer depths of field. A longer depth of field means that more object appear clear/clear-ish in the photograph.
5.) The aperture diaphragm is located just behind the lens on the front of the camera.
6.) Aperture is measured based on the diameter of the hole in the aperture diaphragm.
7.) f8 allows half the light as f5.6
8.) f4 allows twice the light as f5.6.
9.) Focal length is the distance in mm from the optical center of a lens to the sensor. Greater focal lengths will produce a narrower-angle view, while smaller focal lengths will produce wide-angle images.
10.) In addition to aperture, focal length and focus affect depth of field.
11.) The depth of field scale is located on the lens.
12.) The shutter controls the amount of time that light is allowed to enter through the lens.
13.) Shutter speed is measured in seconds -- for example, a shutter speed of 100 means that the shutter is open for 1/100 seconds. In other words, the higher the number, the faster the shutter speed.
14.) The shutter is located at the back of the camera, behind the lens and aperture.
15.) A slower shutter speed is needed in low light conditions because more light needs to be let in.
16.) B stands for bulb and refers to an adjustable shutter speed (usually slow) under the direct control of the photographer.
17.) I looked this up, and many websites said something around 1/60, while others suggested 1/125.
18.) 30 allows twice as much light as 60.
19.) 125 allows half as much light as 60.
20.) f5.6 at 125, f8 at 60, f11 at 30, and f16 at 15.
21.) f16 at 15 would allow you to create a blurred picture of a speeding car while letting in the same amount of light.
22.) f2.8 at 500.
23.) Expose the subject in shadow for a longer period of time to ensure that the photo is not underexposed.
24.) f16 at 1/4 is better because f4 requires roughly a 1/100 second shutter speed. Exposing it for 1/60 seconds lets in almost two times the amount of light that should be let in.
25.) ISO refers to how the light sensitivity of the photo paper/film.
26.) Fast film is film with a high ISO. It should be used in situations where the photographer needs a short exposure time.
27.) Fast film often produces grainy-looking photographs.
28.) Put photo in the developer for 2 minutes while agitating, then rinse the photo in water. Last, place the photo in fixer while agitating before hanging it up to dry.
29.) Exposure is controlled when developing photos in the darkroom through adjusting the intensity of the light and the length of time the photo paper is exposed to the light.
30.) Contrast is manipulated in the darkroom through dodging, burning, and masking. Through dodging and burning, one can make certain areas lighter and darker by exposing or not exposing the image to more light. Using more than one mask when developing photos and adjusting the light levels and times can also be used to alter contrast.